The Crisis of Modern Subjectivity: Rethinking Muhammad Iqbal and the Islamic Tradition

Summary Muhammad U. Faruque’s paper critically examines Muhammad Iqbal’s intellectual contributions, focusing specifically on his concept of the self (khudi) and his interpretations of Sufism. The author argues that Iqbal’s attempt to synthesize Eastern and Western traditions is undermined by a Eurocentric perspective, which distorts the historical development of key Islamic doctrines. Faruque contends that […]