Predicament: Iqbal or Iqbal’s?

Summary This article explores the tension between Muhammad Iqbal’s philological inaccuracies and his historical role as a catalyst for Muslim selfhood. While Muhammad Faruque identifies systematic misreadings of premodern thinkers like al-Jīlī and Bīdil, the author argues these “creative misreadings” were necessary to address the socio-existential crisis of a colonized intelligentsia. By framing Iqbal’s work […]